THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY AND SHAPE OF TRADITIONAL HOUSE CONCERNING MALARIA CASE IN WORKING AREA OF PUSKESMAS WAIRASA REGENCY OF SUMBA TENGAH IN 2010

SUMMARY

THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY AND SHAPE OF TRADITIONAL HOUSE CONCERNING MALARIA CASE IN WORKING AREA OF PUSKESMAS WAIRASA REGENCY OF SUMBA TENGAH IN 2010

Malaria is a systemic infection disease caused by a kind of parasite which is called protozoon. This protozoon is a plasmodium genus infected naturally by bite of female anopheles sp. Mosquito. Prevalence of malaria in the world is about 300 to 500 million clinical cases each year. (Harijanto et al., 2009).

As a tropical country, Indonesia is the spread of endemic diseases of malaria, and 15 million people infected by malaria each year (WHO, 2005). In 2006 there were 1.8 million cases have increased to 2.5 million cases in 2007 (Mukh Syaifudin et al, 2008).

Malaria is one disease that is a problem of health in NTT province, and the disease is the cause of death for infants, toddlers and pregnant woman also reduce worker productivity. Malaria cases has fluctuated in the last 5 years in the province of NTT.

One of the districts in NTT have high malaria morbidity is Sumba Tengah district. There are 6 Puskesmas in Regency of Sumba Tengah and Puskesmas Wairasa with the highest malaria morbidity. In 2010 there were 2.209 people with malaria at working area of Puskesmas Wairasa.

Environmental health factors of Physical, chemical, biological and socio-culture is very influential on the spread of malaria in Indonesia. Place of residence does not qualify of course greatly influenced the development of mosquitos as vectors of malaria. Traditional house of Sumba has 3 functions, one of them is as the cattle pen. Physical environmental factors that are less well of course strongly support the development of malaria vectors.

Based on the above description, it is necessary to do research on “The Influence Of Temperature, Humidity and Shape of Traditional House Concerning Malaria Case in Working Area of Puskesmas Wairasa Regency of Sumba Tengah in 2010”.

This study is conducted to find out the influence of temperature, humidity and shape of traditional house concerning malaria case. The type of research is analysis observational with cross sectional as the research design. The sample is part of population in working area of Puskesmas Wairasa, regency of Sumba Tengah in 2010. The sample was taken randomly and was amounted 141 people. The data was analyzed by using Chi Square. The result of analysis shows that there is influence of temperature (OR=5.875 and p=0.034 (p<0.05)), humidity (OR=5.875 and p=0.034 (p<0.05)), and shape of traditional house (OR=4.434 and p=0.000 (p<0.05)) toward Malaria case.

The writer wants to suggest the people in regency of Sumba Tengah especially in working area of Puskesmas Wairasa to reconstruct their house like installing gauze at ventilation, repairing the hollow wall, installing ceiling, cleaning the cattle stock periodically, and also avoiding mosquito bite by using net or the other anti-mosquito materials.